Türkiye celebrates 103rd anniversary of Republic with ceremonies, parades, and cultural events across country

📍 Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan visits Anitkabir, mausoleum of republic's founder Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, in capital Ankara

📜 Proclaimed on Oct. 29, 1923, republic marks birth of modern Türkiye following War of Independence, establishing national sovereignty as foundation of state

📌 Under Ataturk's leadership, Türkiye modernized legal and educational systems, expanded public education, and introduced sweeping reforms to build modern nation-state